Troubleshooting CD-ROM

CD-Rom is the place to read input from the incoming data as a CD. This type of CD-Rom vary include: CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-R, DVD-RW. In reading data CD-R has different capabilities from 8x to 52x. The more level the faster the speed of the same in reading. Types of data cables used for CD-Rom that is diverse, there are three types were: SATA, ATA, and IDE. In trouble shooting a CD-Rom easily diagnosed because they have the cirri as follows:

1. Unable to read input when the CD is inserted
2. Error message appears when the computer is turned on initial boot
3. Read entries with a very long pross
4. Beep uncertain

To overcome the above we can perform the following manner:
- Turn off the computer and check the data cable and the jumper plug on the position of Master
- Turn the computer back and if kesalahn still appears try to replace with another data cable
- If the error still appears alagi try to come up with another CD-Rom that can still be used
- If the CD-Rom sounds uncertain possibility of error in the head so it needs to be replaced with another
- If the error still appears more likely the socket on the mainboard has an error so it can be replaced with another
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Troubleshooting CARD LAN (network cards)

LAN CARD is the link between computer systems with the performance of another computer or it can be said LAN CARD is a signal to share between computers with one computer to another. LAN CARD working principle is to receive a signal from another computer then transmits into the input and then processed into a data sharing vice versa. LAN CARD can be used to connect one computer system to another computer through an intermediary hub so that the area form a computer network. 


LAN CARD can also have problems or trouble because there are some problems, the characteristics of LAN CARD experiencing trouble include the following:
   1. CARD indicator lights on the LAN does not light up when the connector is installed, this problem often occurs due to the Lan card is an error so it needs to be replaced with another.
   2. Unable to install drivers. This problem can be overcome if we already know what drivers are in accordance with master driver of Lan Card. Lan Card Driver installation must comply with drivers  master because if it does not fit the Lan Card will not be detected by the system and Lan PC Card can not be used
   3. LAN Card not detected from the control panel menu. This case can be resolved after we installed the drivers from the Lan Card. Without install the Lan Card driver will never be detected by the computer system work. 


To resolve not to the occurrence of error or interference with the work system network card then should done a treatment device. This is so that the device returns to normal running as usual at times. To clean device we can use a brush and Vacuum cleaner.
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Linux history

On 5 October 1991, Linus Benedict Torvalds, a student of the University of Helsinki in Finland, announced in a newsgroup that he has succeeded in creating a UNIX-like operating system is very simple that is named linux, which developed from a UNIX-like operating system. Currently, Linux is UNIX-like operating system which is very comprehensive. Linux has become a "fresh breath" in the area of ​​the operating system. LInux is no longer just a "mini project" undertaken by Linus Torvalds et al, but Linux has grown into a "rival" for other major operating systems. Currently, many companies or individuals who take the Linux kernel, then with free software or commercial software other form of Linux distributions. Suse linux some linux distributions, trinux, slackware linux, debian, etc..

Currently, linux which was originally just an operating system used by computer enthusiasts, has become the system easier to use (user-friendly), equipped with a graphical interface and the availability of a wide range of applications that are more similar to other operating systems, rather than merely Unix command line. However, this impression has given rise to much criticism, including from supporters of Linux. They argue that Linux and free program project has yet to reach a factor "ease of use" satisfactory. The question of the ease of Linux compared to Windows or Macintosh is still an issue of heated debate. Linux on the computer market segment table is still smaller but growing. Institute for Market According to IDC, Linux is a big market in 2002 was 25% in the server segment, and 2.8% in the personal computer market segment. 

For those accustomed to using Windows or Macintosh, Linux may seem more difficult, this was due to differences in doing computer work. And again, the user needs to replace the programs that they use with other programs as a substitute when the program was not found in Linux (or the options are somewhat limited, for example computer games). Another factor is the nature of doubt the user to release their usual operating system they use (many users are still using Windows). In addition, most new computers have been equipped with the Windows operating system ready to use (preinstalled). These factors led to the development of Linux is rather slow. 

However, the advantages of Linux as a low cost, safer securities, and not rely on the vendor, has increased the use of widespread among corporations and offices. In this situation, the obstacles mentioned above can be reduced since only the application / utility that is of limited use, as well as administration and configuration of the computer (administration) is controlled by a group of IT experts working a bit. 

There are various studies conducted limited costs and ease Linux. Relevantive (an institute based in Berlin, which specializes in the research institutes of ease programs, and web services) have made the conclusion  the can use Linux in the work by using computer desk is almost the same as Windows XP. However, the study by IDC (funded by Microsoft) claims that Linux has a cost of ownership (Total Cost of Ownership) is higher than Windows. 

Linux is also often criticized for development schedules are unpredictable. Directly, causing interest in the use of Linux in the Enterprise user layer is smaller than other operating systems (Source: Marcinkowski, 2003). In addition, various choices of Linux distributions are pretty much also said to be confusing the consumer, and the program vendor
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Why Battery Easy Laptop Burned?

 LONDON - You often hear cases of burning laptops, iPods or other gadgets that are caused because the batteries used to overheat and trigger the burning of the gadget. A number of researchers from Cambridge University claimed to have found the answer on a battery of rapid fire. 

According to the researchers, the main cause of flammability battery because it caused a kind of metallic fiber material called 'dendrites', the components of the battery is responsible for short circuits that cause the batteries can emit fire. 

"Batteries in laptops and phones are designed to be filled (charged) quickly, but this can cause dendrites form a carbon anode in the battery, this fiber is one of the main causes of short circuits, which can, in turn, causing the battery to heat and even fire , "said Professor Clare Grey of Cambridge University Chemical engineering majors as reported by the Telegraph on Wednesday (19/05/2010) 

Now, Clare and the team hopes to gain a better understanding by researching more about how to form dendrites, and how their development can be stopped. Chemists are using magnetic resonance spectroscopy to track the development of dendrites. It is hoped that this information will help consumer electronics manufacturers improve the safety of lithium batteries. 

"Fiber lithium has been a significant impediment to the commercialization of a new generation of higher capacity batteries," added Clare Grey. 

"Battery safety factor must be overcome before stepping into the latest generation of lithium-ion batteries, so that we can more safely use these batteries," said Grey.
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Understanding RAM and Type

Understanding RAM and Type. RAM is a device that serves to store temporary data.RAM or stored data can be deleted. Unlike the ROM.ROM have a function similar to RAM but the ROM is permanent or not stored data can be deleted again.

RAM Definition
Definition of RAM. RAM (Random-Access Memory) is one type of internal memory which determines the ability of a computer. Internal Memory (Internal Memory) can be called the main memory (main memory) and primary memory (primary memory). This component serves as a reminder.

RAM is a type of memory whose contents can be changed as long as computers have a life and can remember the nature of the data or programs as long as there are electric currents and can store and retrieve data very quickly.

Types of RAM
Types of RAM are as follows:

* DRAM (Dynamic RAM) is a type of RAM must be refreshed periodically by the CPU so that the data contained therein is not lost.
* SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic RAM) is the most common type of RAM used in PCs today. RAM is synchronized by the clock system and have more speed tanggi than DRAM.
* SRAM (Static RAM) is a type of memory that does not need a refresher by the CPU so that the data contained therein remain stored properly. This type of RAM has a speed higher than the DRAM.
* RDRAM (Rambus Dynamic RAM) is a type of memory that is faster and more expensive than SDRAM.
* EDORAM (Extended Data Out RAM) is a type of memory used in systems that use Pentium.
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